Diabetes mellitus¡ªoften referred to as diabetes¡ªis a condition in which the body either does not produce enough, or does not properly respond to, insulin, a hormone produced in the pancreas. Insulin enables cells to absorb glucose in order to turn it into energy. This causes glucose to accumulate in the blood (hyperglycemia), leading to various potential complications.
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Adolescents With Type 2 Diabetes Have Diminished Cognitive Performance and Brain Abnormalities
A study by researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center have found that obese adolescents with type 2 diabetes have diminished cognitive performance and subtle abnormalities in the brain as detected by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Identification of cognitive impairments as a complication of type 2 diabetes emphasizes the importance of addressing issues of inactivity and obesity, two important risk factors for the development of the disease among the young.
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Effective Treatment For Selected Type 2 Diabetes Patients
A first-of-its-kind consensus statement by 50 medical experts from around the world has pronounced surgery to be a legitimate and effective treatment for type 2 diabetes, bringing the procedure a significant step closer to wider use and acceptance.
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What is diabetes? What causes diabetes?
Diabetes (diabetes mellitus) is classed as a metabolism disorder. Metabolism refers to the way our bodies use digested food for energy and growth. Most of what we eat is broken down into glucose. Glucose is a form of sugar in the blood - it is the principal source of fuel for our bodies.
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People With Prediabetes Not Taking Adequate Precautions
In 2005, almost 30% of the U.S. adult population had prediabetes, but over 90% were unaware of their prediabetes status. Although it is known that diabetes can be prevented or delayed among adults at high risk through modest weight loss and increased physical activity, a study published in the April 2010 issue of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine revealed that only about half of U.S. adults with prediabetes reported that in the past year they tried to lose weight or exercise more.
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Clinical Trial Uses Adult Stem Cells to Treat Diabetes
An official FDA-approved clinical trial is currently underway at the School of Medicine and Public Health at the University of Wisconsin at Madison, for the use of adult stem cells in the treatment of Type 1 diabetes. Specifically, the Phase II study is testing both the safety and efficacy of Prochymal, a proprietary mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) formulation manufactured by the company Osiris Therapeutics.
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Adult Stem Cell Therapy for Diabetes Shows Progress
Once again, the biotech company Opexa Therapeutics announces strong preclinical data for its proprietary diabetes therapy, developed from autologous adult stem cells. The new study demonstrates that adult stem cells harvested from the mononuclear cells of peripheral blood are differentiable into pancreatic-like cells, which mimic the morphology and function of the beta islet cell clusters of the pancreas in their ability to secrete insulin, glucagon and somatostatin, as well as in the expression of pancreatic and endocrine-specific biomarkers and in the high levels of C-peptide, a byproduct of insulin synthesis.
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Once-Daily Linagliptin Reduces Blood Glucose Long Term For Diabetes Type 2 Patients
Results of a 102 week Phase III investigation for linagliptin (trade name Trajenta® in Europe) were announced today, and showed significant and durable reductions in blood glucose levels for adults who suffer from type 2 diabetes. The study which was presented at the 47th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), demonstrated that the DPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin displayed a promising safety profile and reduced HbA1c levels by 0.8% over the long term in individuals treated with linagliptin for the entire investigation period.
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Adult Stem Cells Treat Diabetes
Prochymal, the adult stem cell product derived from bone marrow and developed by Osiris Therapeutics, is currently in clinical trials for the treatment of type I diabetes. The double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-site Phase II clinical trials have a target enrollment of 60 patients, each one of whom will receive 3 infusions over a period of 2 months.
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In Mouse Model, Decoding Infidelity Linked To Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is an extremely common chronic condition characterized by high levels of sugar in the blood as a result of either insufficient production of the hormone insulin or an inability of cells to respond to insulin. A combination of genetic and environmental factors causes an individual to develop type 2 diabetes.
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Obese Type 2 Diabetes Patients Have Long-Term Benefits From Intensive Lifestyle Intervention
If obese/overweight patients with diabetes Type 2 are helped to get fit, lose weight and control blood glucose levels, their long-term outlook improves significantly, according to a report published in Archives of Internal Medicine. Addressing cardiovascular risk factors and blood glucose control is vital in preventing the long-term complications that are linked to diabetes Type 2, especially if the patient is obese when diagnosed with the disease.
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Brain Insulin Plays Critical Role in the Development of Diabetes
Researchers from Mount Sinai School of Medicine have discovered a novel function of brain insulin, indicating that impaired brain insulin action may be the cause of the unrestrained lipolysis that initiates and worsens type 2 diabetes in humans. The research is published this month in the journal Cell Metabolism.
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Almonds May Help Reduce Risk Of Type 2 Diabetes And Heart Disease
With nearly 16 million Americans living today with prediabetes, a condition that is the precursor to type 2 diabetes, and half of all Americans expected to have either prediabetes or type 2 diabetes by the year 2020, nutritional approaches to maintaining healthy blood sugar levels are essential.
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